์ด์ฃผ/์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ดˆ

[ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ] ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ด์ •๋ฆฌ

์ฃผ์˜ ๐Ÿฑ 2024. 8. 5. 15:43
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๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ =  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ  ,

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ = ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ

๋‘๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์ด์ž!

1. Serena is Mike's gf.

2. I met Serena yesterday.

 

๊ณตํ†ต ๋ช…์‚ฌ = Serena

1. ๊ณตํ†ต๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ :( that / which / who / whom / what / whose)

Serena is Mike's gf -> Who is Mike's gf.

 

2. ๋ฐ”๊พผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งจ ์•ž์— ๋‘๊ธฐ

Who is Mike's gf.

 

3. ์ˆ˜์‹๋ฐ›๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ๋’ค๋กœ 2์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ง‘์–ด๋„ฃ๊ธฐ

I met Serena yesterday who is Mike's gf.

 

๋‹ค๋ฅธ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด?

Serena, who I met yesterday, is Mike's gf.

 

๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ that, which, who์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋ถ™์Œ

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ด๋‹ค. 

 

 

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ :( that / which / who / whom / what / whose) ์ค‘์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์จ์•ผํ• ๊นŒ?

์ˆ˜์‹๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ˆ˜์‹์ ˆ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค!

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด = who whom that

์‚ฌ๋ฌผ,๋ฌด์ƒ์ฒด = that which

 

์ฃผ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ/๋ณด์–ด๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

 

1. ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

๋ช…์‚ฌ+ ๊ด€๋Œ€ + V (Vํ•˜๋Š”~, ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ) 

who is mike's gf. : ์ฃผ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋˜ Serena๋ฅผ who๋กœ ๊ณ ์นจ

์˜ˆ์‹œ

My spiritual animal is the tiger. A tiger is very independent.

My spiritual animal is the tiger. Which is very independent.

์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ

My spiritual animal is the tiger, which is very independent.

 

2. ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ , ๋ณด์–ด๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๊ด€๋Œ€ + S+ V (S๊ฐ€ Vํ•˜๋Š”~, ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ)

who I met yesterday : ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋˜ Serena๋ฅผ who๋กœ ๊ณ ์นจ

์˜ˆ์‹œ

Love is very powerful. He taught me love.

Love is very powerful, He taught me which.

๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ

Love is very powerful,which he taught me

Love, which he taught me, is very powerful .

 

์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

I had a great time with Youtuber. The Youtuber's channel has more than 300k channels.

I had a great time with Youtuber. Whose channel has more than 300k channels.

์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ด€๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ - ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๋Œ€

I had a great time with Youtuber whose channel has more than 300k channels.

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ƒ๋žต

์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š”์ด์œ ?

1. ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค

2. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ƒ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋žต๋œ๊ฑธ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šฐ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ƒ๋žตํ•œ๋‹ค. 

I am reading a novel I have already read three times before.

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์—†๋‹ค. 

 

*์ฃผ๊ฒฉ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.

A place that is full of books is a library.

A place is full of books is a library.

์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋ฉด s+v ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ธ์ง€ ๊ด€๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋žต๋œ ๊ด€๋Œ€์ ˆ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ

๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜

who/whom

whom์€ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋งŒ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค.

who๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ whom์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 

 

whose

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ์—ฌ ~์˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ

I buy my eggs from a framer whose chickens live in his backyard without a fence.

 

that

๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค. 

๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ผผ๊ผผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ด์•ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ง‰ ์จ๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค.

that์„ ๊ผญ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ:

1. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰, ์„œ์ˆ˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ์ผ ๋•Œ

2. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ -thing์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ

3. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ+ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ+๋™๋ฌผ ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ

4. ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ the only, every, any, all , few, ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ์ผ ๋•Œ

 

that์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ:

1. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ

์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์“ฐ์ด๊ณ  which ๋ฅผ ์“ด๋‹ค

for that, from that (X)

* in that ~๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ž„

 

2. ์ฝค๋งˆ

, that (X)

 

 

what

the thing + that = what 

Tell me the thing that you know = 

Tell me  what you know

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. 

 

which

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ๋™๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฐœ๋… ์ผ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๊ณ  that์œผ๋กœ ์จ๋„ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†๋‹ค

The cafe which is right in front of our school is hiring part-times.

which๊ผญ ์จ์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ:

1. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ธ ๋•Œ

I don't want to have a baby which I am not ready for. = 

I don't want to have a baby for which I am not ready 

์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 

 

2. ์•ž์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๊ตฌ, ์ ˆ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•  ๋•Œ (๊ณ„์†์ ์šฉ๋ฒ•)

He is very handsome, which I am not.

handsome ์„ which๋กœ ์”€

ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ ˆ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ „์ฒด, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ , ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฝค๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์จ์ค˜์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. 

 

You keep saying that you are ugly, which is not true!

He came back to Korea, which made everyone happy

 

 

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•

1. ํ•œ์ •์ ์šฉ๋ฒ• , ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ์ •์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป

He painted a beautiful picture which seemed expensive.

 

2. ๊ณ„์†์ ์šฉ๋ฒ• , ๊ณ„์† ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป

He is very generous, which I am not

- , ๊ผญ ์จ์ฃผ๊ธฐ

- that ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ

- ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ and or but ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€

- ๊ด€๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋žต๋ถˆ๊ฐ€

 

ํ•œ์ •์ ์šฉ๋ฒ• ๊ณ„์†์ ์šฉ๋ฒ• ์ฐจ์ด

ํ•ด์„์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 

I have a son who is a lawyer. - ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„

I have a son, who is a lawyer. - ์•„๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๋ช…๋งŒ ์žˆ์Œ

๋ฐ˜์‘ํ˜•