๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ?
๊ฐ์ ์ ์์๊ฐ, ์ ํ ์ -- ์ํฉ์ ์์๋ก ์ ํด์ ๋งํ๋ค ๋ผ๋ ๋ป
์ฆ ํ๊ตญ์ด๋ก '๋ง์ฝ์~'ํ๋ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ ๋ฌธ์ฅ์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ์ด ๋๋ค.
์์ด๋ก๋ ์ ์์ฌ if์ ํจ๊ป ์จ์ ๋ง์ฝ์ ~๋ผ๋ฉด ~ํ ํ ๋ฐ, ์ ๋๋ก ํด์ํ๋ค.
๊ฐ์ ์ ์ํฉ ์ข ๋ฅ
-- ์ด ๋ ๊ฐ์ง ์ํฉ์ ๋ช ํํ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ๋ถํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
1. ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ์ํฉ์ ๋ํ ๊ฐ์
- ๋ง์ฝ ์๋ง๊ฐ ์ง์ ์์ผ๋ฉด ๋๋ ๋์๊ฐ์ผ ํ ๊ฑฐ์ผ(์๋ง๊ฐ ์ง์ ์๋์ง ์๋์ง ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ์ํฉ)
2. ์ด๋ฏธ ์๊ณ ์๋ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ๊ฐ์
- ๋ง์ฝ ์๋ง๊ฐ ์ง์ ์์์ผ๋ฉด ๋๋ ๋์๊ฐ์ผ ํ์๊ฑฐ์ผ (์๋ง ์ง์ ์์ง๋ง ์๋ ์ํฉ์ ๊ฐ์ )
๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ์ํฉ์ ๋ํ ๊ฐ์
1. ํ์ฌ | ๋ฏธ๋ ์ฌ์ค
*์ด๋ ์ฃผ์ ์ ์กฐ๋์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ค.
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + V ๋ง์ฝ S๊ฐ V๋ผ๋ฉด, |
์์ ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด ๋ค ๊ฐ๋ฅ : S๋ Vํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค |
if S + have PP (ํ์ฌ์๋ฃ) ๋ง์ฝ S๊ฐ Vํด์๋ค๋ฉด |
์์ ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด ๋ค ๊ฐ๋ฅ : S๋ Vํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค |
if S + be Ving (ํ์ฌ์งํ์์ ) ๋ง์ฝ S๊ฐ Vํ๋์ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด |
์์ ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด ๋ค ๊ฐ๋ฅ : S๋ Vํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค |
์์
If you have ever seen parasite, you will get into Korean movie
2. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ
๋ง์ฝ ํ์๋๋ผ๋ฉด, ํ์์ํ ๋ฐ
If he truly loved me, we might have married
3. ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ํฌ๋ฐํ ์ผ
๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ผ์ด๋์ง ์์์ผ๋ฉด ํ๋ ์ผ
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + should +V ๋ง์ ํ๋ S๊ฐ Vํ๊ฒ ๋๋ค๋ฉด, |
์์ ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด ๋ค ๊ฐ๋ฅ : S๋ Vํ ํ ๋ฐ |
If he should contact you again, call the police straight away
์ผ์ด๋ ํ๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ์๋ ์ผ
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + were to V ๊ทธ๋ด๋ฆฌ ์์ง๋ง S๊ฐ Vํ๊ฒ ๋๋ค๋ฉด, |
์์ ๊ด๋ จ ์์ด ๋ค ๊ฐ๋ฅ : S๋ Vํ ํ ๋ฐ |
If he were to know you got married, there would br nothing to do
If I were to die tomarrow, who would take care of my children?
์๋ ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ์ํฉ์ ๋ํ ๊ฐ์
1. ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ๊ฐ์
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + V S๊ฐ Vํ๋ค๋ฉด, (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋) |
S + would/should/could/might + V S๋ Vํ ํ ๋ฐ (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ) |
if S + were S๊ฐ were ๋ผ๋ฉด, (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋) |
S + would/should/could/might + V S๋ Vํ ํ ๋ฐ (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ) |
If I had money, I wouldn't live like this
If it were not raining, we could go for a walk.
2. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ๊ฐ์
- ๊ทธ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ํ ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์
*๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ์์๋ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ๊ฐ์ ์ ํ ๋ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ค.
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + had PP S๊ฐ Vํ๋ค๋ฉด, (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋) |
S + would/should/could/might + havePP S๋ Vํ์ํ ๋ฐ (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ) |
If I had spoken French, I would have gone to a uni at France
If the Korean war hadn't happened, I could met my grandfather.
If you hadn't lied to me, we could have stayed happy together
3. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ฐ๋๋๋ ๊ฐ์
- ๊ทธ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ ํ์ฌ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ํ ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ , ์ฃผ์ ์ ์์ ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ ์์ ์์์ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ์๋ค.
*๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ ์ผ์ด๋ ์ผ์ ๋ฐ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ ํ ๋ค์, ํ์ฌ ์ผ์ด๋ ์ ์๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์์ํด์ ๋งํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
if์ข ์์ | ์ฃผ์ |
if S + had PP S๊ฐ Vํ๋ค๋ฉด, (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋) |
S + would/should/could/might + havePP S๋ Vํ์ํ ๋ฐ (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ) |
If I had not married you, I could be much happier
if๋ฅผ ์๋ตํ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ
์๋ต ์ | ์๋ต ํ , ๋์น | ์๋ฏธ |
if S + had PP |
Had + S + PP | S๊ฐ Vํ๋ค๋ฉด (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋) |
if S + should + V | Should + S + V | ๋ง์ ํ๋ S๊ฐ Vํ๋ค๋ฉด |
if S + were | Were + S | S๊ฐ were๋ผ๋ฉด (ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ค ๋ฐ๋) |
If I had listened to you when I was a kid and studied hard, I would live like the rich and famous.
-> Had I listened to my mom when I was a kid and studied hard, I would live likwe the rich and famous.
If I were a millionaire, I would buy you a car.
=> Were I a millionaire, I would you a car.
๋ค๋ฅธ ํํ๋ค
what if ~ ๋ง์ฝ์ ~ํ์ผ๋ฉด ์ด์ฉ๋ปํ์ด . ~ ํ๋ฉด ์ด๋กํด
- ์์๋ฆฌํ ๋๋ ์ฐ์, ๋ง์ฝ๊ฒ ๊ฒ์ํ ๋ ์ฐ์
What if I didn't take you home?
What if the market is closed already?
as if , as though: ๋ง์น ~์ธ๋ฏ์ด
as if + S + V
as if + S + had PP : ๋ง์น S๊ฐ V์๋ ๊ฒ์ฒ๋ผ
as if + to V : ๋ง์น ~ํ ๊ฒ์ฒ๋ผ
She looked at me as if to ask for help.
She behaves as if nothing had happened
if it were not for (์ค์ ๋ก ์์ง๋ง) ~๊ฐ ์๋ค๋ฉด
if it had not been for (์ค์ ๊ณ ์์์ง๋ง) ~๊ฐ ์์๋ค๋ฉด
If it were not for Netflix, I wouldn't survive thr long period of self-quarantine.
If it hadn't been for him, I wouldn't be where I am today.
if ์๋ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ
1. wish ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ S + wish + S +V
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์์ ๋์ฌ์ ํจ๊ป ์ฐ์ฌ ~ํ๋ค๋ฉด ์ข๊ฒ ๋ค (ํ์ฌ์ฌ์ค๋ฐ๋)
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์๋ฃ์์ ์ ํจ๊ผ ์ฐ์ด๋ฉด ~ํ๋ค๋ฉด ์ข์๊ฒ ๋ค.(๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ฌ์ค๋ฐ๋)
I wish I had studied English earlier.
2. S + ์กฐ๋์ฌ + V + ์ ๋ช ๊ตฌ
would could might๊ฐ์ ์กฐ๋์ฌ๊ฐ ์ ์ ํ ์ ๋ช ๊ตฌ์ ํจ๊ป ์ฐ์ด๋ฉด if๊ฐ ์์ด๋ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ์ด๋๋ค.
It could be better with wine
3. otherwise ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ, ๊ทธ๋ ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ~ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
S + V + otherwise + S + would V
I ran away; otherwise, he would have killed me
์ด๋ฐ์๋ ์กฐ๋์ฌ ํ์ฉํญ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒ
A man would never hit woman
Drinking too much alcohol could actually kill you